ABN |
Australian Business Number |
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Admission |
the admission of the Shares to trading on AIM becoming effective in accordance with the AIM Rules |
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Admission Document |
this admission document issued by the Company |
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AIM |
the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange |
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AIM Rules |
the rules governing the operation of AIM as published by the London Stock Exchange from time to time |
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Australian Commitment Letters |
The commitment letters dated on or about 8 March 2006 between the Company and certain Australian investors relating to the conditional subscription by such Australian investors of the Australian Subscription Shares, details of which are set out in Section 9 of Part 6 of this Admission Document |
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Australian Subscription Shares |
the 5,500,000 Placing Shares to be subscribed by certain Australian investors pursuant to the Australian Commitment Letters |
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ASIC or Commission |
the Australian Securities and Investments Commission |
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ASX |
the Australian Stock Exchange Limited |
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AUD or A$ or $ or cents |
Australian currency |
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Australian Corporations Act |
the Corporations Act 2001 of the Commonwealth of Australia (as amended) |
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Banda or Banda Minerals |
Banda Minerals Pty Ltd ACN 112 841 666, a company controlled by Finders and the corporate vehicle for the Wetar Copper Project |
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Banda Co-operation Agreement |
an agreement dated 14 February 2005 between Finders; Banda; and BKP and summarised in Section 9 of Part 6 of this document |
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Banda Shareholders Agreement |
an agreement dated 16 March 2005 between Finders and BKP and summarised in Section 9 of Part 6 of this document |
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BKP |
PT Batutua Kharisma Permai, a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Indonesia by Deed of Establishment as contained in Deed No. 6 dated 3 June 1996 and amended by Deed No. 71 dated 20 April 1999, both were drawn up before Agus Madjid Hukum, Notary in Jakarta, and approved by the Minister of Justice pursuant to his decree No. C-13252 HT.01.01.Th.99 dated 20 July 1999. BKP is a company controlled by Mr Gabriel Mbatemooy, an Indonesian national and director of Banda Minerals |
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BLE |
PT Batutua Lampung Elok, a limited liability foreign capital company in the process of being incorporated by Way Kanan Resources under applicable Indonesian Law. BLE will become party to the Way Kanan Resources Co-oporation agreement with the purpose of becoming the operating entity of the Ojolali Project |
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Board or Directors |
the Board of Directors of Finders unless the context indicates otherwise |
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Broker |
the Company’s broker as defined in the AIM Rules (being Westhouse) |
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BTR |
PT Batutua Tembaga Raya, a limited liability foreign capital company incorporated in Indonesia by Finders and Banda |
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Business Day |
a day on which the trading banks are open in Adelaide, South Australia |
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City Code |
the UK City Code on Takeovers and Mergers |
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Companies Act or the Act |
the Companies Act 1985 of Great Britain (as amended) |
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Company or Finders |
Finders Resources Ltd ABN 82 108 547 413, a company incorporated in Australia, and where the context permits, its subsidiaries |
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Constitution |
the constitution of the Company, a summary of which is set out in Section 7 of Part 6 of this Admission Document |
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Contract of Work |
a type of mining right issued in Indonesia, typically covering larger areas than KPs |
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CREST |
the computerised system for trading securities in uncertificated form in the UK operated by CRESTCo Limited |
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Depository Interests |
the uncertificated interests representing Shares to be electronically listed for trading on AIM and issued through the Company’s UK registrar |
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Exploitation KP |
A KP authorising mining activities, awarded as a successor to an Exploration KP subject to terms that are set out in Part 5 of this Admission Document |
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Exploration KP |
A KP authorising the holder to conduct exploration activities, the general terms of which are set out in Part 5 of this Admission Document |
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GBP or £ or pence or p |
UK currency |
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Geopacific or Geopacific Resources |
Geopacific Resources NL ABN 57 003 208 393, a company incorporated in Australia, and, where the context permits, its subsidiaries |
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GNR |
Great Northern Resources Pty Ltd (ACN 050 294 427), a proprietary limited company incorporated in Australia |
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Group |
the Company and its subsidiaries |
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Hellman & Schofield |
Hellman & Schofield Pty Ltd, a company incorporated in Australia, whose independent geologists report is contained in Part 3 of this Admission Document |
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Indicated |
that part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, densities, shape, physical characteristics, grade and mineral content can be estimated with a reasonable level of confidence as determined under the JORC Code |
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Inferred |
that part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, grade and mineral content can be estimated with a low level of confidence as determined under the JORC Code |
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IPDS |
International Project Development Services, a company incorporated in Australia, whose independent metallurgical review report is contained in Part 3 of this Admission Document |
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JORC Code |
the Australasian Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, prepared by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Australian Institute of Geoscientists and Minerals Council of Australia |
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KP or KPs |
Kuasa Pertambangan, generally, mining or exploration authorizations which under applicable Indonesian Law grant the holder exclusive exploration or Mining Rights within the defined area |
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KP Area |
the area covered by an Exploration KP and all successor KPs |
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LIBOR |
the London Inter Bank Offered Rate, a benchmark interest rate |
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London Stock Exchange or LSE |
London Stock Exchange plc |
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Measured |
that part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, densities, shape, physical characteristics, grade and mineral content can be estimated with a high level of confidence as determined under the JORC Code |
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Mineral Resource or Resource |
a concentration or occurrence of material of intrinsic economic interest in or on the Earth's crust in such form, quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction |
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Mining Rights |
those rights granted under a KP to a holder and its contractors successors and assigns to explore for, study, develop, exploit, mine, process, refine, store, transport, market, ship, export, sell and transfer to third parties ownership and title to minerals, mineral concentrates and metals mined or produced from or within the area covered by a KP and in connection therewith to construct and operate Mines and related infrastructure |
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New Shares |
the Shares to be issued pursuant to the Placing |
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Nomad or Nominated Adviser |
nominated adviser as defined in the AIM Rules (being RFC) |
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Official List |
the Official List maintained by the UK Listing Authority pursuant to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 |
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Ojolali, Ojolali Project or Ojolali Gold-Silver Project |
the project to explore for and exploit gold and silver mineralisation on the Lampung KP (and nearby areas) in the Ojolali locality of South East Sumatra, Indonesia |
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Option(s) |
options to subscribe for Shares |
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Option Holder(s) |
a holder of any Options |
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Participating Interests |
the equity ownership from time to time, expressed as a percentage, of BKP or Finders or GNR in Banda or Way Kanan Resources which, subject to the relevant shareholders agreement, carries an obligation to meet cash calls made in proportion to such interest and, prior to dilution, shall be identical to its initial percentage of shares in Banda or Way Kanan Resources |
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Placee(s) |
a party who is issued Shares in the Placing |
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Placing |
the conditional placing by Westhouse of 12,000,000 Placing Shares at 20p per Placing Share pursuant to the Placing Agreement and the conditional subscription of 5,500,000 Placing Shares pursuant to the Australian Commitment Letters at 20p per Placing Share |
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Placing Agreement |
the conditional agreement between the Company, the Directors and Westhouse setting out the terms and conditions of the placing of 12,000,000 Placing Shares (excluding the Australian Subscription Shares), details of which are set out in Section 9 of Part 6 of this Admission Document |
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Placing Price |
the price at which New Shares are issued in the Placing, being 20p per New Share |
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Placing Shares |
the New Shares to be issued in the Placing at the Placing Price |
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PLM |
PT Prima Lirang Mining |
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Project |
either the Wetar Copper Project or the Ojolali Gold-Silver Project, as the context demands |
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RFC |
RFC Corporate Finance Limited, a company incorporated in Australia |
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Shareholder(s) |
holder(s) of Shares |
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Shares or Ordinary Shares |
fully paid ordinary shares of no par value in the capital of the Company |
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Tenement |
an Exploration Licence (“EL”), Mining Licence or Lease (“ML”), KP or any other form of licence or title to mineral bearing ground, including the right to exploit relevant minerals, held or applied for by the Company or in which the Company has an interest |
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UK |
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
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WKR or Way Kanan Resources |
Way Kanan Resources Pty Ltd (ACN 115 265 328), a company controlled by Finders and the corporate vehicle for the Ojolali Project |
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Wetar, Wetar Project or Wetar Copper Project |
the project to explore for and exploit copper mineralisation on the Wetar KP’s (and nearby areas) on Wetar Island in the Province of Maluku, Indonesia |
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Work |
each and every exploration or exploitation activity conducted by or on behalf of BKP |
A$ |
Australian dollar |
Adit |
A mine opening usually horizontal |
Ag |
Silver |
Alluvial |
Deposited by a stream or river. Said of a placer deposit formed by the action of running water. |
Alteration |
Change in the mineralogical and chemical composition of a rock, generally produced by hydrothermal fluids or by weathering. |
Andesite |
A dark coloured, fine-grained, usually extrusive rock of intermediate composition. |
Anomaly |
Value higher or lower than the expected or norm |
Aqua Regia |
A mixed acid used to digest samples prior to assay |
Assay |
Chemical analysis of rocks |
Au |
Gold |
Auger |
Screw-like boring tool most commonly used to obtain shallow soil samples |
Auriferous |
Pertaining to gold; gold-bearing |
Basalt/basaltic |
A fine-grained dark coloured extrusive volcanic rock with a low silica content. |
Base metal |
Generally a non-ferrous metal inferior in value to the precious metals; usually and especially copper, lead, zinc, nickel. |
Basinal |
Geological structure having the general shape of a basin |
Bifurcating |
Dividing or separating |
Biotite |
A common rock forming silicate mineral of the mica group, containing varying proportions of potassium, iron magnesium and aluminium. |
BLEG |
Bulk leach extractable gold - a geochemical analytical method using large samples to detect very small amounts of gold. The gold being dissolved by cyanide prior to analysis. |
Breccia |
A coarse-grained rock consisting of angular broken rock fragments held together by a fine-grained matrix, distinct from conglomerate. |
Calc-alkaline |
A type of igneous rock typical of volcanic terranes. |
Calcareous |
A rock containing calcium carbonate |
Carbonaceous |
Containing carbon – often of organic origin |
Carboniferous |
A geological time period ranging from 345 and 280 million years ago. |
Chalcedony/chalcedonic |
A cryptocrystalline variety of quartz |
Chalcocite |
A black copper sulphide (Cu2s) |
Chalcopyrite |
A sulphide of copper and iron (CuFes2) |
Channel sample |
A sample obtained by cutting a rectangular channel across a rock face; more representative than a chip sample or a grab sample |
Chargeability |
A geophysical characteristic of rocks measured by the ip geophysical method. |
Chlorite |
A green mica containing iron and magnesium |
CIL / CIP |
Carbon-in-Leach / Carbon-in-Pulp – a process for the extraction of precious metals from ores using cyanide leaching and adsorption onto activated carbon |
Claystone |
Sedimentary rock formed from clay |
Complex |
A stratigraphic unit that includes a mass of structurally complicated rocks. |
Conglomerate |
A sedimentary rock formed by the cementing together of rounded, water-worn pebbles, distinct from breccia |
Costean |
A slot or trench cut from surface, usually by a backhoe, to allow examination of geological strata |
Cretaceous |
The youngest of the three geological periods in the Mesozoic era, from 66 million to 131 million years ago |
Cross section |
A profile perpendicular to the long axis of a tabular body |
Cu (cupiferous) |
Copper |
Diamond drilling |
Rotary drilling using diamond bits, used to produce a solid core of rock |
Digestion |
A technique for the chemical dissolution of solids by the use of concentrated acid |
Dilation |
The process of widening an initial fissure allowing the injection of magma or fluids |
Diorite (dioritic) |
A coarse-grained igneous rock intermediate composition between acidic and basic (i.e. between granite and gabbro). |
Dip |
The angle that a stratum or planar feature such as a fault makes with the horizontal, measured perpendicular to the strike and in the vertical plane. |
Disseminated |
Descriptive of mineral grains which are scattered throughout the host rock |
Dolomite |
Magnesium, calcium carbonate rock or mineral |
DXF Files |
Drawing Exchange Format files |
Dyke |
A tabular igneous intrusion which cuts across the bedding or other planar structure in the enclosing rock |
Electrum |
A natural alloy of gold and silver, ranging from pale to deep yellow depending on the proportion of gold to silver. |
En-echelon |
Linear geologic features, such as veins and faults that have an parallel to sub-parallel, overlapping or staggered arrangement. |
Epithermal |
Said of a hydrothermal mineral deposit formed within about 1 km of the Earth's surface and in the temperature range of 50 to 200 degrees C, occurring mainly as veins. |
Equigranular |
Of equal grain size |
Fault |
A break in rock strata continuity with strata remaining parallel but displaced relative to one another on either side of the fault |
Feasibility study |
A technical and financial study of a project at sufficient level of accuracy and detail to allow a decision as to whether the project should proceed |
Feldspar |
A group of abundant rock forming minerals; from which, feldspathic |
Felsic |
Acid; light coloured rocks |
Footwall |
The mass of rock beneath a dipping orebody, fault, etc |
Formation |
A (named) succession of sedimentary beds having some common characteristic. |
g |
Gram |
g/t or gpt |
Grams per tonne (same as ppm - parts per million) |
Galena |
Lead sulphide mineral (pbs). |
Garnet |
A group of silicate minerals containing variable amounts of aluminium, calcium, manganese, iron and often other elements such as chromium and vanadium |
Geochemical sampling |
Systematic collection of rock or soil samples in order to study their chemistry. |
Geochemical survey |
A systematic study of the variation of chemical elements in rocks or soils. |
Geochemically anomalous |
An area having elevated levels of specified elements in rocks or soils. |
Geochemistry |
The study of the abundances of elements in rocks |
Geostatistics |
Application of statistical principles to the calculation of reserves and resources |
Gossan/gossanous |
An iron rich, often spongy rock formed at or near the surface by the weathering and oxidation of sulphide minerals and the leaching out of the sulphur and often some of the metals. |
Grade |
Average quantity of ore or metal in a specified quantity of rock. |
Gradient array |
Describes a specific arrangement of electrodes used in an induced polarisation (IP) survey |
Granitoid |
Denotes an intrusive rock of granite-like appearance and granitic composition. |
Granodiorite |
A coarse-grained plutonic granitoid containing quartz, plagioclase feldspar and usually some mafic minerals. |
Ground magnetic survey |
Surface geophysical survey investigating variations in the earth's magnetic field intensity. |
ha |
Hectare |
Hanging wall |
The wall rock above an inclined vein or fault. |
Heap leaching |
A process used for the recovery of gold or metals which relies upon the dissolution of metal into a solution |
Horizon |
The various layers which comprise a sedimentary rock |
Horneblende |
A common silicate mineral of the amphibole group containing variable amounts of calcium, iron, sodium, magnesium and aluminium. |
Hornfels |
A fine grained rock composed of a mosaic of equi dimensional grains and typically formed by contact metamorphism |
Hydrothermal |
Of, or pertaining to, heated waters which transport minerals in solution. |
Igneous |
Formed by solidification from a molten or partially molten state |
Induced polarisation |
A surface electrical geophysical surveying method. |
Infrastructure |
The supporting installations and services that supply the needs of the project |
Interest |
The undivided share held as tenant in common and pursuant to a joint venture or similar agreement in a mining tenement and all other property acquired in relation thereto |
Intermediate |
Descriptive of igneous rocks lying midway between acid and basic in composition. |
Interpolation |
The estimation of grade values into a block, on the basis of known values within a specified distance from the block |
Intrusive |
Rock emplaced while fluid, by penetrating into or between other rocks, but solidifying before reaching the surface |
IP |
Induced Polarisation, a surface electrical geophysical surveying method. |
JORC |
Joint Ore Reserve Committee |
kg |
Kilogram |
km |
Kilometre |
LBE |
London Bullion Exchange |
Leached cap |
A horizon above mineralisation from which the minerals have been leached by weathering or other chemical processes. |
Leaching |
The dissolution of minerals components from ore by appropriate chemicals |
Limestone |
A sedimentary rock comprised largely of calcium carbonate |
Lithology (-ies) |
The same as rock type, the description of rocks. |
LME |
London Metal Exchange |
m |
Metre |
M |
Million |
Mafic |
An igneous rock with high magnesium and iron content, usually dark in colour |
Magnetite |
A mineral; iron oxide, Fe3O4. Black, strongly magnetic. |
Matrix |
The smaller sized rocks particles in a mixed rock strata |
Mesothermal deposit |
A mineral deposit formed at moderate temperature and pressure, in and along fissures or other openings in rocks, by deposition at intermediate depths, from hydrothermal fluids. |
Metalliferous |
Of or pertaining to metals; metal-rich or metal-bearing. |
Metallurgy |
The science and technology of metals |
Metamorphic |
Rocks formed in response to pronounced changes in temperature, pressure or chemical environment |
Metasediments |
Partly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks |
Metasomatism/metasomatic |
The process by which one mineral may be replaced by another of different chemical composition due to the introduction of fluids |
Metavolcanics |
Partially metamorphosed volcanic rocks |
Micron |
Measurement of size; one micron = one millionth of a metre |
Mineralisation |
The group of minerals of interest; commonly taken to be sulphide or precious metal minerals |
mm |
Millimetre |
Mt |
Million tonnes |
Mtpa |
Million tonnes per annum |
Diamond drilling |
Rotary drilling using diamond bits, used to produce a solid core of rock |
Digestion |
A technique for the chemical dissolution of solids by the use of concentrated acid |
Dilation |
The process of widening an initial fissure allowing the injection of magma or fluids |
Diorite (dioritic) |
A coarse-grained igneous rock intermediate composition between acidic and basic (i.e. between granite and gabbro). |
Dip |
The angle that a stratum or planar feature such as a fault makes with the horizontal, measured perpendicular to the strike and in the vertical plane. |
Disseminated |
Descriptive of mineral grains which are scattered throughout the host rock |
Dolomite |
Magnesium, calcium carbonate rock or mineral |
DXF Files |
Drawing Exchange Format files |
Dyke |
A tabular igneous intrusion which cuts across the bedding or other planar structure in the enclosing rock |
Electrum |
A natural alloy of gold and silver, ranging from pale to deep yellow depending on the proportion of gold to silver. |
En-echelon |
Linear geologic features, such as veins and faults that have an parallel to sub-parallel, overlapping or staggered arrangement. |
Epithermal |
Said of a hydrothermal mineral deposit formed within about 1 km of the Earth's surface and in the temperature range of 50 to 200 degrees C, occurring mainly as veins. |
Equigranular |
Of equal grain size |
Fault |
A break in rock strata continuity with strata remaining parallel but displaced relative to one another on either side of the fault |
Feasibility study |
A technical and financial study of a project at sufficient level of accuracy and detail to allow a decision as to whether the project should proceed |
Feldspar |
A group of abundant rock forming minerals; from which, feldspathic |
Felsic |
Acid; light coloured rocks |
Footwall |
The mass of rock beneath a dipping orebody, fault, etc |
Formation |
A (named) succession of sedimentary beds having some common characteristic. |
g |
Gram |
g/t or gpt |
Grams per tonne (same as ppm - parts per million) |
Galena |
Lead sulphide mineral (pbs). |
Garnet |
A group of silicate minerals containing variable amounts of aluminium, calcium, manganese, iron and often other elements such as chromium and vanadium |
Geochemical sampling |
Systematic collection of rock or soil samples in order to study their chemistry. |
Geochemical survey |
A systematic study of the variation of chemical elements in rocks or soils. |
Geochemically anomalous |
An area having elevated levels of specified elements in rocks or soils. |
Geochemistry |
The study of the abundances of elements in rocks |
Geostatistics |
Application of statistical principles to the calculation of reserves and resources |
Gossan/gossanous |
An iron rich, often spongy rock formed at or near the surface by the weathering and oxidation of sulphide minerals and the leaching out of the sulphur and often some of the metals. |
Grade |
Average quantity of ore or metal in a specified quantity of rock. |
Gradient array |
Describes a specific arrangement of electrodes used in an induced polarisation (IP) survey |
Granitoid |
Denotes an intrusive rock of granite-like appearance and granitic composition. |
Granodiorite |
A coarse-grained plutonic granitoid containing quartz, plagioclase feldspar and usually some mafic minerals. |
Ground magnetic survey |
Surface geophysical survey investigating variations in the earth's magnetic field intensity. |
ha |
Hectare |
Hanging wall |
The wall rock above an inclined vein or fault. |
Heap leaching |
A process used for the recovery of gold or metals which relies upon the dissolution of metal into a solution |
Horizon |
The various layers which comprise a sedimentary rock |
Horneblende |
A common silicate mineral of the amphibole group containing variable amounts of calcium, iron, sodium, magnesium and aluminium. |
Hornfels |
A fine grained rock composed of a mosaic of equi dimensional grains and typically formed by contact metamorphism |
Hydrothermal |
Of, or pertaining to, heated waters which transport minerals in solution. |
Igneous |
Formed by solidification from a molten or partially molten state |
Induced polarisation |
A surface electrical geophysical surveying method. |
Infrastructure |
The supporting installations and services that supply the needs of the project |
Interest |
The undivided share held as tenant in common and pursuant to a joint venture or similar agreement in a mining tenement and all other property acquired in relation thereto |
Intermediate |
Descriptive of igneous rocks lying midway between acid and basic in composition. |
Interpolation |
The estimation of grade values into a block, on the basis of known values within a specified distance from the block |
Intrusive |
Rock emplaced while fluid, by penetrating into or between other rocks, but solidifying before reaching the surface |
IP |
Induced Polarisation, a surface electrical geophysical surveying method. |
JORC |
Joint Ore Reserve Committee |
kg |
Kilogram |
km |
Kilometre |
LBE |
London Bullion Exchange |
Leached cap |
A horizon above mineralisation from which the minerals have been leached by weathering or other chemical processes. |
Leaching |
The dissolution of minerals components from ore by appropriate chemicals |
Limestone |
A sedimentary rock comprised largely of calcium carbonate |
Lithology (-ies) |
The same as rock type, the description of rocks. |
LME |
London Metal Exchange |
m |
Metre |
M |
Million |
Mafic |
An igneous rock with high magnesium and iron content, usually dark in colour |
Magnetite |
A mineral; iron oxide, Fe3O4. Black, strongly magnetic. |
Matrix |
The smaller sized rocks particles in a mixed rock strata |
Mesothermal deposit |
A mineral deposit formed at moderate temperature and pressure, in and along fissures or other openings in rocks, by deposition at intermediate depths, from hydrothermal fluids. |
Metalliferous |
Of or pertaining to metals; metal-rich or metal-bearing. |
Metallurgy |
The science and technology of metals |
Metamorphic |
Rocks formed in response to pronounced changes in temperature, pressure or chemical environment |
Metasediments |
Partly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks |
Metasomatism/metasomatic |
The process by which one mineral may be replaced by another of different chemical composition due to the introduction of fluids |
Metavolcanics |
Partially metamorphosed volcanic rocks |
Micron |
Measurement of size; one micron = one millionth of a metre |
Mineralisation |
The group of minerals of interest; commonly taken to be sulphide or precious metal minerals |
mm |
Millimetre |
Mt |
Million tonnes |
Mtpa |
Million tonnes per annum |
Mudstone |
A fine-grained sedimentary rock in which the proportion of clay and silt are approximately equal. |
n/a |
Not available or not applicable |
Open pit |
The main type of mine designed to extract minerals close to the surface; also known as open cut |
Ordinary kriging |
A geostatistical grade estimation technique |
Ore |
Material which can be mined and/or treated at a profit |
Orebody |
A solid and fairly continuous mass of ore |
Ounce |
Herein a troy ounce, one-twelfth of a pound, used to measure precious metals such as gold and silver |
Ounce (oz) |
Refers here to a troy ounce which is a unit of measure for precious metals, there are 12 troy ounces to one avoirdupois pound. |
Outcrop (ping) |
Rock exposed to view at the surface but physically connected to solid rock at depth. |
Oxide ore |
A weathered type of gold ore, commonly consisting of mineralisation from which gold is relatively easily released by leaching; also referred to as free-milling |
Oxidised zone |
Zone in which sulphides have been altered to oxides by surface waters |
oz |
Ounces |
Permian |
A time period from approximately 280 to 248 million years ago. |
Phyllite |
A silty rock intermediate in metamorphic grade between a slate and a schist |
Plunge |
The inclination of a fold axis or other linear feature measured in the vertical plane |
Pluton (ic) |
A deep-seated intrusion or plutonic bodies usually of granitoid texture. |
Polymetallic |
A number of different metallic mineral species, applied to a vein or other type of deposit. |
Porphyry (-itic) |
An igneous rock in which larger crystals (“phenocrysts”) are scattered through a matrix of smaller crystals (“groundmass”); descriptive of rocks displaying such textures. |
Porphyry copper deposit |
A large, low grade stockwork or disseminated copper deposit, commonly hosted by a porphyritic rock of granitic to dioritic composition. |
Potassic |
Of, pertaining to, or containing potassium. |
ppb |
Parts per billion; 1,000 ppb = 1 ppm = 1 g/t |
ppm |
Parts per million |
Precious metals |
Includes gold, silver and the platinum group metals. |
Pre-feasibility study |
A preliminary technical and financial study of a project to assess whether more comprehensive feasibility study work is justified |
Pyrite |
Common iron sulphide mineral (fes2). |
Pyrrhotite |
An iron sulphide mineral, generally magnetic |
QC/QA |
Quality control/quality assurance |
Quartz |
A mineral composed of silicon and oxygen (sio2). |
Refractory |
Reference to a gold ore type which involves much greater difficulty in gold recovery by leaching or by concentration, compared to oxide or free-milling ore types |
Replacement |
The process of practically simultaneous solution and deposition by which a new mineral may grow in the body of an old mineral |
Reserve or Ore Reserve |
That part of a Resource which could be economically recovered; with decreasing levels of confidence, reserves can be classified as proved or probable |
Resistivity |
A geophysical characteristic of rocks measured by the IP geophysical method. |
Resource or Mineral Resource |
An occurrence from which valuable minerals may be recovered; with decreasing levels of confidence, a resource may be classified as measured, indicated or inferred |
Reverse fault |
A fault along which the hanging wall has been raised relative to the footwall. |
RL |
Abbreviation for reduced level, the vertical distance in metres of a point or level above or below a datum point, commonly sea level |
Rock chip sampling |
Obtaining a sample, generally for assay, by breaking chips off a rock face. |
Sediment |
Rocks formed by transportation of particles by air, water or ice |
Sericite |
A fine-grained form of mica formed by the chemical alteration of other minerals. |
Shale |
A laminated sedimentary rock in which the dominant particles are of the clay grade |
Sheeted quartz veins |
A series of parallel quartz veins. |
Silica |
Silicon dioxide, ie quartz mineral |
Silicic |
Said of a silica rich igneous rock or magma. |
Silicified |
The introduction of, or replacement by, silica, which may replace existing minerals. |
Siltstone |
Sedimentary rock composed of silt-sized particles. |
Skarn |
A metamorphosed calcareous sediment into which silica and other elements, often including metals, have been introduced from an adjoining intrusive body. |
Soil geochemistry |
A systematic sampling and chemical analysis of soils. |
Soil sampling |
Systematic collection of soil samples at a series of different locations to study the distribution of soil geochemical values |
Specific gravity |
The ratio of the weight of a given volume of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of water |
Sphalerite |
A sulphide mineral of zinc and iron [(Zn, Fe)S], the main ore mineral of zinc. |
Splay |
Divergent small faults marginal to larger features |
sq km |
Square kilometre |
Stock |
An igneous intrusion that is less than 100 sq km in surface exposure |
Stockwork |
A vein system consisting of a three dimensional network of planar to irregular veinlets |
Stratabound |
Contained within or parallel to strata |
Stratigraphic |
Pertaining to the composition, sequence, and correlation of stratified rocks. |
Stream sediment geochemistry |
Systematic sampling and chemical analysis of sediments within drainage channels. |
Stream sediments |
Sediments transported by water in the bed of a stream |
Strike |
Trend or direction of rock strata in a horizontal plane; to extend in that direction. |
Subduction zone |
A region where oceanic crust descends into the earth’s mantle. |
Sulphide |
A mineral compound characterised by the linkage of sulphur with metal. |
Sulphosalts |
A type of sulphide in which both the metal and a semi-metal are present, forming a double sulphide. |
Supergene |
Said of a mineral deposit or enrichment formed near the surface of the earth, commonly by descending solutions. |
t |
Tonne |
Talc |
A soft hydrated magnesium silicate mineral with a characteristic soapy feel |
Tectonic |
Structures resulting from | | |